Chemistry Ions and Cations
Ions and Cations
Introduction
Ions are divided into two groups; cations and anions. Cations have a positive charge. Typical cations include sodium (Na+), calcium (Ca++ = Ca2+), and magnesium (Mg++ = Mg2+ ). Anions have a negative charge. Typical anions include chloride (Cl-), sulfates (SO4 -- = SO42-), and bicarbonates (HCO3-).
Table of some Monatomic Cations and Anions..
| Cations | Anion | |||||
| Symbol | Name | Symbol | Name | Symbol | Name | |
| H+ | hydrogen ion | Hg22+ | mercury(I) mercurous |
H- | hydride | |
| Li+ | lithium ion | Hg2+ | mercury(II) mercuric | F- | fluoride | |
| Na+ | sodium ion | Fe2+ | iron(II) ferrous |
Cl- | chloride | |
| K+ | potassium ion | Fe3+ | iron(III) ferric |
Br- | bromide | |
| Rb+ | rubidium ion | Pb2+ | lead(II) plumbous |
I- | iodide | |
| Cs+ | cesium ion | Be2+ | beryllium ion | O2- | oxide | |
| Pb4+ | lead(IV) plumbic |
Sn2+ | tin(II) stannous |
S2- | sulfide | |
| Mg2+ | magnesium ion | Sn4+ | tin(IV) stannic |
Se2- | selenide | |
| Ca2+ | calcium ion | Sr2+ | strontium ion | Te2- | telluride | |
| Co2+ | cobalt(II) cobaltous |
Co3+ | cobalt(III) cobaltic |
* | * | |
| Ba2+ | barium ion | Cr2+ | chromium(II) chromous |
* | * | |
| Ag+ | silver ion | Cr3+ | chromium(III) chromic |
N3- | nitride | |
| Ra2+ | radium ion | Al3+ | aluminum ion | * | * | |
| Ni2+ | nickel ion | Au+ | gold(I) aurous |
P3- | phosphide | |
| Zn2+ | zinc ion | Au3+ | gold(III) auric |
As3- | arsenide | |
| Cu+ | copper(I) cuprous |
Cu2+ | copper(II) cupric |
* | * | |
Table of some Polyatomic Anions..
| Anions | |||||
| Symbol | Name | Symbol | Name | Symbol | Name |
| NO3- | nitrate | ClO4- | perchlorate | SO42- | sulfate |
| NO2- | nitrite | ClO3- | chlorate | HSO4- | hydrogen sulfate |
| CrO42- | chromate | ClO2- | chlorite | SO32- | sulfite |
| Cr2O72- | dichromate | ClO- | hypochlorite | HSO3- | hydrogen sulfite |
| CN- | cyanide | IO4- | periodate | C2O42- | oxalate |
| MnO4- | permanganate | IO3- | iodate | HC2O4 - | hydrogen oxalate |
| OH- | hydroxide | IO- | hypoiodite | PO43- | phosphate |
| O22- | peroxide | BrO3- | bromate | HPO42- | hydrogen phosphate |
| NH2- | amide | BrO- | hypobromite | PO33- | phosphite |
| CO32- | carbonate | HCO3- | hydrogen carbonate | H2PO4- | dihydrogen phosphate |
- Table of common cations and ions .... Short but useful list
- Table of common anions and cations... Useful table -site also include lots more chemical tables
- Names, formulas and charges of the most common ions... Another usefull table within a very comprehensive website