ISO Shaft Fundamental Deviations – 0 to 500 mm

This page provides ISO fundamental deviations for shaft tolerance positions from a to zc for shaft sizes up to 500 mm. Deviation values are given in micrometres (µm), where 1 µm = 0.001 mm.

The fundamental deviation determines the position of the shaft tolerance zone relative to the basic (nominal) size. The tolerance grade, such as IT6 or IT7, determines the width of the tolerance zone. Together, the letter and grade form a shaft tolerance designation such as g6, h6 or p6.

Shaft Upper and Lower Deviations

For shafts, es is the upper deviation and ei is the lower deviation. These deviations are measured from the basic size, represented by the zero line.

• es = upper deviation of the shaft
• ei = lower deviation of the shaft
• Maximum shaft size = basic size + es
• Minimum shaft size = basic size + ei

A negative deviation places the corresponding shaft limit below the basic size, while a positive deviation places it above the basic size.

Shaft Tolerance Zones and the Zero Line

Shaft Fundamental Deviations a to j

For shaft tolerance positions below the zero line, the upper deviation es is normally the fundamental deviation nearest the basic size. For tolerance positions above the zero line, the lower deviation ei is normally the fundamental deviation nearest the basic size.

Need help using this table? See How to Use ISO 286 Tolerance and Fit Tables for worked examples showing how shaft fundamental deviations and IT grades are used to calculate maximum and minimum shaft sizes.

Over	Up -to (Incl.)	Fundamental Deviation (es )												(ei )
		a	b	c	cd	d	e	ef	f	fg	g	h	js	j5	j6	j7
	3	-270	-140	-60	-34	-20	-14	-10	-6	-4	-2	0	ITn/2	-2	-2	-4
3	6	-270	-140	-70	-46	-30	-20	-14	-10	-6	-4	0	ITn/2	-2	-2	-4
6	10	-280	-150	-80	-56	-40	-25	-18	-13	-8	-5	0	ITn/2	-2	-2	-5
10	14	-290	-150	-95		-50	-32		-16		-6	0	ITn/2	-3	-3	-6
14	18	-290	-150	-95		-50	-32		-16		-6	0	ITn/2	-3	-3	-6
18	24	-300	-160	-110		-65	-40		-20		-7	0	ITn/2	-3	-3	-8
24	30	-300	-160	-110		-65	-40		-20		-7	0	ITn/2	-3	-3	-8
30	40	-310	-170	-120		-80	-50		-25		-9	0	ITn/2	-4	-4	-10
40	50	-320	-180	-130		-80	-50		-25		-9	0	ITn/2	-4	-4	-10
50	65	-340	-190	-140		-100	-60		-30		-10	0	ITn/2	-5	-5	-12
65	80	-360	-200	-150		-100	-60		-30		-10	0	ITn/2	-7	-7	-12
80	100	-380	-220	-170		-120	-72		-36		-12	0	ITn/2	-9	-9	-15
100	120	-410	-240	-180		-120	-72		-36		-12	0	ITn/2	-9	-9	-15
120	140	-460	-260	-200		-145	-85		-43		-14	0	ITn/2	-11	-11	-18
140	160	-520	-280	-210		-145	-85		-43		-14	0	ITn/2	-11	-11	-18
160	180	-580	-310	-230		-145	-85		-43		-14	0	ITn/2	-11	-11	-18
180	200	-660	-340	-240		-170	-100		-50		-15	0	ITn/2	-13	-13	-21
200	225	-740	-380	-260		-170	-100		-50		-15	0	ITn/2	-13	-13	-21
225	250	-820	-420	-280		-170	-100		-50		-15	0	ITn/2	-13	-13	-21
250	280	-920	-480	-300		-190	-110		-56		-17	0	ITn/2	-16	-16	-26
280	315	-1050	-540	-330		-190	-110		-56		-17	0	ITn/2	-16	-16	-26
315	355	-1200	-600	-360		-210	-125		-62		-18	0	ITn/2	-18	-18	-28
355	400	-1350	-680	-400		-210	-125		-62		-18	0	ITn/2	-18	-18	-28
400	450	-1500	-760	-440		-230	-135		-68		-20	0	ITn/2	-20	-20	-32
450	500	-1650	-840	-480		-230	-135		-68		-20	0	ITn/2	-20	-20	-32
Over	Up -to (Incl.)	a	b	c	cd	d	e	ef	f	fg	g	h	js	j5	j6	j7
		Fundamental Deviation (es )												(ei )

Example – 40 mm g6 Shaft

For a 40 mm g6 shaft, the letter g defines the position of the tolerance zone and the grade 6 defines its width.

From the table above, the upper deviation es for a 40 mm g shaft is -9 µm. The IT6 tolerance width for this size is 16 µm.

es = -9 µm = -0.009 mm
ei = -9 - 16 = -25 µm = -0.025 mm

Maximum shaft size = 40 - 0.009 = 39.991 mm
Minimum shaft size = 40 - 0.025 = 39.975 mm

The permitted size of the 40 g6 shaft is therefore 39.975 mm to 39.991 mm.

Shaft Fundamental Deviations k to zc

Over	Up to and including	Fundamental Deviation ei (µm)
		k4-k7 (inc)	other k	m	n	p	r	s	t	u	v	x	y	z	za	zb	zc
	3	0	0	2	4	6	10	14		18		20		26	32	40	60
3	6	1	0	4	8	12	15	19		23		28		35	42	50	80
6	10	1	0	6	10	15	19	23		28		34		42	52	67	97
10	14	1	0	7	12	18	23	28		33		40		50	64	90	130
14	18	1	0	7	12	18	23	28		33	39	45		60	77	108	150
18	24	2	0	8	15	22	28	35		41	47	54	63	73	98	136	188
24	30	2	0	8	15	22	28	35	41	48	55	64	75	88	118	160	218
30	40	2	0	9	17	26	34	43	48	60	68	80	94	112	148	200	274
40	50	2	0	9	17	26	34	43	54	70	81	97	114	136	180	242	325
50	65	2	0	11	20	32	41	53	66	87	102	122	144	172	226	300	405
65	80	2	0	11	20	32	43	59	75	102	120	146	174	210	274	360	480
80	100	3	0	13	23	37	51	71	91	124	146	178	214	258	335	445	585
100	120	3	0	13	23	37	54	79	104	144	172	210	254	310	400	525	690
120	140	3	0	15	27	43	63	92	122	170	202	248	300	365	470	620	800
140	160	3	0	15	27	43	65	100	134	190	228	280	340	415	535	700	900
160	180	3	0	15	27	43	68	108	146	210	252	310	380	465	600	780	1000
180	200	4	0	17	31	50	77	122	166	236	284	350	425	520	670	880	1150
200	225	4	0	17	31	50	80	130	180	258	310	385	470	575	740	960	1250
225	250	4	0	17	31	50	84	140	196	284	340	425	520	640	820	1050	1350
250	280	4	0	20	34	56	94	158	218	315	385	475	580	710	920	1200	1550
280	315	4	0	20	34	56	98	170	240	350	425	525	650	790	1000	1300	1700
315	355	4	0	21	37	62	108	190	268	390	475	590	730	900	1150	1500	1900
355	400	4	0	21	37	62	114	208	294	435	530	660	820	1000	1300	1650	2100
400	450	5	0	23	40	68	126	232	330	490	595	740	920	1100	1450	1850	2400
450	500	5	0	23	40	68	132	252	360	540	660	820	1000	1250	1600	2100	2600
Over	Up to (Incl.)	k4-k7 (inc)	other k	m	n	p	r	s	t	u	v	x	y	z	za	zb	zc
		Fundamental Deviation ( ei )

Related ISO Tolerance Tables

• ISO Tolerance Band T
  (3-315mm size)
• ISO Hole Nearest limit nearest Zero
  (0-500mm hole size)
• ISO Tolerance Band T
  (315-3150mm size)
• ISO Shaft limit nearest Zero
  (500-3150mm shaft size)
• ISO Hole Nearest limit nearest Zero
  (500-3150mm hole size)
• ISO Hole Limits (3-400mm Hole Size)
• ISO Shaft Tolerance(3-400mm Hole Size)
• ISO Hole Limits (400-3150mm Hole Size)
• ISO Shaft Tolerance(400-3150 mm Hole Size)

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