Roymech engineering encyclopedia

Bolt Plate Shear Calculator




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Use this bolt plate shear calculator to estimate the shear stress in a plate near a bolted connection. The calculator uses applied force, shear width or edge distance, plate thickness, allowable shear stress and safety factor to estimate utilisation and pass/fail result.

What does this calculator do?

This calculator estimates the average plate shear stress for a bolted joint where the connected plate may fail by shear-out near the bolt hole or plate edge.

The calculator provides:

  • plate shear area
  • plate shear stress
  • design allowable plate shear stress
  • utilisation percentage
  • pass/fail result
  • worked calculations

This is useful when checking whether a plate, bracket, clevis, lug or tab has sufficient edge distance and thickness around a bolted connection.

Engineering note: This calculator is intended for preliminary engineering calculations and educational use. It checks a simplified plate shear-out condition only. Final bolted joint design should also consider bolt shear, bolt bearing, tensile failure, net section failure, edge distance, hole clearance, material grade, fatigue and relevant design standards.

How to Use the Calculator

  1. Enter the applied force, F. This is the force trying to shear the plate material near the bolt.
  2. Select the force unit. The force may be entered in newtons or kilonewtons.
  3. Enter the shear width or edge distance, c. This is the effective distance of plate material resisting shear-out on one side of the bolt.
  4. Enter the plate thickness, t. This is the thickness of the plate, lug or bracket being checked.
  5. Enter the allowable plate shear stress. This should be based on the plate material and design method.
  6. Enter the safety factor. The calculator divides the allowable shear stress by the safety factor to obtain the design allowable stress.
  7. Click calculate. The calculator gives plate shear area, shear stress, utilisation and pass/fail result.

Bolt Plate Shear Diagram

Bolt plate shear calculator diagram showing applied force F, shear width c and plate thickness t around a bolted joint
Plate shear-out check around a bolted joint using shear width c and plate thickness t.

Formulae Used

Plate shear area:

As = 2ct

Plate shear stress:

τplate = F2ct

Design allowable plate shear stress:

τdesign = τallowSF

Utilisation:

Utilisation = τplateτdesign × 100%

Variables

Symbol Description Units
F Applied force N
c Shear width or edge distance mm
t Plate thickness mm
As Plate shear area mm²
τplate Plate shear stress N/mm²
τallow Allowable plate shear stress N/mm²
SF Safety factor -

Calculator Inputs

Results

Enter the bolted joint details, then click calculate.

Understanding the Results

Result Meaning
Plate shear area The effective area of plate material resisting shear-out around the bolted connection.
Plate shear stress The average shear stress in the plate material near the bolt hole or edge.
Design allowable stress The allowable plate shear stress divided by the selected safety factor.
Utilisation The calculated plate shear stress divided by the design allowable stress. A value below 100% passes this simplified check.

Calculator Limitations

This calculator checks a simplified plate shear-out condition around a bolted joint. It does not check every possible bolted joint failure mode.

This Calculator Includes This Calculator Does Not Include
Plate shear area Bolt shear stress
Average plate shear stress Bolt bearing stress
Utilisation against selected allowable shear stress Bolt tensile stress
Safety factor adjustment Net section tension failure
Simple edge shear-out check Fatigue, preload, joint slip or thread stripping

For bolt shear stress, use the Bolt Shear Stress Calculator.

For bearing stress between the bolt and plate, use the Bolt Bearing Stress Calculator.

Bolt Plate Shear Calculation Notes

Plate shear stress is calculated using the effective shear area of the plate material resisting shear-out. For a simple two-plane shear-out check, this area is taken as twice the shear width multiplied by the plate thickness.

This calculation is useful when checking plates, brackets, lugs or tabs where a bolt is close to an edge. If the edge distance is too small, the plate may shear out before the bolt itself fails.

A complete bolted joint check may also need to consider bolt shear, bolt bearing, net section tension, bolt tension, preload, fatigue, hole clearance and material grade.

For further bolted joint theory, see the RoyMech reference page: Bolted Joint Design and Calculations.

For the full calculator section, see: Bolted Joint Calculators.

Bolt Plate Shear Calculator FAQ

How do you calculate plate shear stress around a bolt?

Plate shear stress around a bolt can be estimated by dividing the applied force by the effective shear area:

τplate = F2ct

where F is the applied force, c is the shear width or edge distance and t is the plate thickness.

What is plate shear-out?

Plate shear-out is a failure mode where the material between the bolt hole and the plate edge shears away under load.

Why is edge distance important in bolted joints?

If the bolt is too close to the plate edge, there may not be enough material to resist shear-out. Increasing the edge distance increases the available shear area.

Does this calculator check bolt shear?

No. This calculator checks plate shear stress only. Bolt shear stress should be checked separately.

Does this calculator check bearing stress?

No. Bearing stress between the bolt and plate should be checked separately.

Can this calculator be used for final design?

This calculator is intended for preliminary engineering calculations and educational use. Final bolted joint design should be checked against the relevant design standard, material grade, edge distance, fatigue requirements and safety factors.

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