Roymech engineering encyclopedia

Thread Stripping Calculator




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Use this thread stripping calculator to estimate the internal and external thread shear capacity of a bolted joint. The calculator compares the applied tensile load with the approximate thread stripping capacity based on thread diameter, pitch, engagement length and allowable shear stress.

What does this calculator do?

This calculator estimates whether the internal or external thread is likely to strip under axial tensile load. It calculates approximate internal thread shear area, external thread shear area, thread stripping capacity, utilisation, factor of safety and the governing failure mode.

The calculator provides:

  • approximate mean thread diameter
  • internal thread shear area
  • external thread shear area
  • internal thread stripping capacity
  • external thread stripping capacity
  • governing thread stripping capacity
  • utilisation and factor of safety
  • pass/fail result
  • worked calculation

This calculator is useful for tapped holes, nuts, threaded inserts and preliminary checks where thread stripping may control the bolted joint strength.

Engineering note: This calculator uses a simplified thread stripping model based on approximate cylindrical shear areas. Actual thread stripping strength depends on thread form, thread tolerance, material pairing, thread engagement, nut geometry, tapped hole depth, load distribution between threads and the relevant design standard.

How to Use the Calculator

  1. Enter the axial tensile load, F. This is the load trying to strip the engaged threads.
  2. Select the force unit. Loads may be entered in newtons or kilonewtons.
  3. Enter the nominal thread diameter, d. For example, enter 10 for an M10 thread.
  4. Enter the thread pitch, p. For example, a standard coarse M10 thread has a pitch of 1.5 mm.
  5. Enter the thread engagement length, Le. This is the length of thread in contact.
  6. Enter the allowable internal and external thread shear stresses. These should be based on the materials of the nut/tapped hole and bolt/screw.
  7. Enter the safety factor. The calculator divides the allowable shear stresses by the safety factor to obtain design allowable stresses.
  8. Click calculate. The calculator gives internal and external thread stripping capacity and identifies the governing case.

Thread Stripping Diagram

Thread stripping calculator diagram showing bolt thread, internal thread, engagement length and thread shear areas
Simplified thread stripping check showing internal and external thread shear areas over the engagement length.

Formulae Used

Approximate mean thread diameter:

dm = d - 0.6495p

Approximate internal thread shear area:

Asi = π dm Le

Approximate external thread shear area:

Ase = π dm Le

Internal thread stripping capacity:

Fi = Asi τi,design

External thread stripping capacity:

Fe = Ase τe,design

Design allowable shear stresses:

τi,design = τi,allowSF
τe,design = τe,allowSF

Governing stripping capacity:

Fstrip = min(Fi, Fe)

Utilisation:

Utilisation = FFstrip × 100%

Factor of safety:

FoS = FstripF

Variables

Symbol Description Units
F Applied axial tensile load N
d Nominal thread diameter mm
p Thread pitch mm
dm Approximate mean thread diameter mm
Le Thread engagement length mm
Asi Approximate internal thread shear area mm²
Ase Approximate external thread shear area mm²
τi,allow Allowable internal thread shear stress N/mm²
τe,allow Allowable external thread shear stress N/mm²
SF Safety factor -

Typical Use Cases

Joint Type Likely Governing Check
Steel bolt into steel nut Bolt tensile stress or thread stripping may govern depending on engagement length.
Steel bolt into aluminium tapped hole Internal thread stripping in the softer material may govern.
Short nut or shallow tapped hole Thread engagement length may be insufficient.
Threaded insert Both internal and external thread interfaces may need checking separately.

Calculator Inputs

Results

Enter the thread details and applied load, then click calculate.

Understanding the Results

Result Meaning
Internal thread capacity The approximate stripping capacity of the nut or tapped hole thread.
External thread capacity The approximate stripping capacity of the bolt or screw thread.
Governing capacity The lower of the internal and external thread stripping capacities.
Governing mode The thread interface with the lower calculated stripping capacity.
Utilisation The applied tensile load divided by the governing thread stripping capacity. A value below 100% passes this simplified check.
Factor of safety The governing stripping capacity divided by the applied tensile load.

Calculator Limitations

This calculator provides a simplified internal and external thread stripping check. It should not be used as the only basis for final fastener design.

This Calculator Includes This Calculator Does Not Include
Approximate internal thread shear capacity Detailed ISO, ASME or fastener standard thread stripping equations
Approximate external thread shear capacity Thread tolerance class effects
Governing thread stripping mode Unequal load distribution between engaged threads
Utilisation and factor of safety Material hardness, galling, coatings or lubrication effects
Worked calculation Fatigue, preload relaxation, prying action or joint stiffness

For estimating required engagement length, use the Thread Engagement Length Calculator.

For calculating thread tensile stress area, use the Thread Tensile Stress Area Calculator.

For checking bolt tensile stress, use the Bolt Tensile Stress Calculator.

Thread Stripping Calculation Notes

Thread stripping occurs when the engaged internal or external threads shear off before the bolt or joint reaches the desired load capacity. This is especially important for tapped holes in softer materials, short nuts and threaded inserts.

This calculator uses an approximate cylindrical shear area based on the mean thread diameter and engagement length. The same geometric area is used for the internal and external thread interface, while different allowable shear stresses may be entered for the two materials.

The weaker material usually controls the stripping capacity. For example, a steel bolt in an aluminium tapped hole is often governed by the internal aluminium thread capacity rather than the steel bolt thread.

For further screw thread data, see the RoyMech reference pages: Screw Stress Areas and ISO Metric Thread Dimensions.

For the full calculator section, see: Bolted Joint Calculators.

Thread Stripping Calculator FAQ

What is thread stripping?

Thread stripping is a failure mode where the engaged internal or external threads shear off under load. It can occur before bolt tensile failure if the engagement length or thread material strength is insufficient.

Which thread usually strips first?

The weaker material usually strips first. For example, a steel bolt screwed into an aluminium tapped hole may strip the internal aluminium thread before the steel bolt thread fails.

How is thread stripping capacity calculated?

A simplified method estimates thread stripping capacity from thread shear area and allowable shear stress:

F = As,thread τdesign

Is thread stripping the same as bolt tensile failure?

No. Thread stripping is a shear failure of the engaged threads. Bolt tensile failure is a tensile failure through the bolt cross-section.

How can thread stripping capacity be increased?

Thread stripping capacity can be increased by increasing engagement length, using a stronger tapped material, using an insert, using a larger thread diameter or reducing the applied load.

Can this calculator be used for final design?

This calculator is intended for preliminary engineering calculations and educational use. Final design should use the relevant thread standard, material data, thread tolerance, engagement length rules and safety factors.